Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient for obtaining high yields and has been the one that most often limits production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic performance of onion cultivars as a function of phosphate fertilization. The experiments were installed at the Rafael Fernandes Experimental Farm, of the Federal Rural University of the Semi-Arid Region, Mossoró-RN, Brazil, from July to October 2016 and from June to October 2017. The design used was randomized blocks, in a 2 x 6 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of the combination of two onion cultivars (IPA11 and Rio das Antas) and six P doses (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg ha-1 P2O5). The economical doses of P, associated with the maximum marketable yields of onion were estimated at 212.45 and 207.65 kg ha-1 of P2O5, respectively for the cultivars IPA 11 and Rio das Antas. In general, the cultivar Rio das Antas was more productive than IPA 11, in the two growing periods.
Highlights
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a vegetable of great national importance as it occupies the third place in volume and income generated among the vegetable crops, only surpassed by potatoes and tomatoes
The cultivar Rio das Antas was more productive than IPA 11, in the two growing periods
The interaction between cultivar, P doses and periods was significant for plant dry matter and non-marketable yield
Summary
Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a vegetable of great national importance as it occupies the third place in volume and income generated among the vegetable crops, only surpassed by potatoes and tomatoes. In Rio Grande do Norte, onion cultivation was established less than a decade ago, and technologies such as no-tillage, drip irrigation and fertilizer application via irrigation water are employed by producers, enabling the State to become the third bulb producer in the Northeast Region. Phosphorus (P) is one of the most important and limiting nutrients in onion cultivation, it is not the most absorbed by plants, especially when compared to nitrogen and potassium. It is applied in greater quantity, according to the recommendations of fertilization in Brazil. It is applied in greater quantity, according to the recommendations of fertilization in Brazil. Aguiar Neto et al (2014) observed total P accumulation of 5.49 and 5.58 kg ha-1 at the end of the cycle for the cultivars IPA11 and Texas Grano 502
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