Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in the rainfed upland rice producing areas of Ethiopia; Gonder, Pawe and Shire-Maitsebrie during 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. Thirteen upland rice varieties were tested with the objective of examining the agronomic performance and yield stability of the varieties using Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) and Genotype and Genotype by Environment (GGE) biplot analysis. The AMMI analysis of variance for grain yield detected significant effects for genotypes, environments and genotype by environment interactions. Environment effect was responsible for the greatest part of the variation, followed by genotype by environment interaction and genotype effects. Based on the AMMI stability analysis G1, G2 and G5 were the most stable genotypes, while G13, G3 and G12 were the most responsive ones. The GGE biplot also showed that G13, G3, G12 and G10 have long vectors and located far away from the biplot origin and hence are considered to have larger contribution to GEI. Among the tested genotypes G1 (Fogera-1), G5 (Andassa) and G2 (Adet) gave high yield and good stability across environments and can be recommended for production for the testing sites and similar upland rice producing areas of Ethiopia.
Highlights
Rice production and productivity is increasing even though it is recently introduced cereal crop
Evaluating genotypes across environments is a good indicator of the genotype performance in the absence of genotype by Zelalem Zewdu et al.: Agronomic Performance Evaluation and Yield Stability Analysis of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Genotype x year effect was found highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) for days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, and grain yield, while a nonsignificant difference was detected for number of filled grains per panicle and panicle length
Summary
Rice production and productivity is increasing even though it is recently introduced cereal crop It is produced under three main rice ecological zones in Ethiopia, namely rain fed upland, lowland and irrigated. From the abovementioned rice production constraints, lack of high yielding and adapted variety is the major bottleneck especially in the upland rice producing areas of Ethiopia. Some of the improved upland rice varieties were found to be adapted in the upland rice producing areas of Ethiopia, but majority of these have showed lower yield performance. These could be the changing of environments and its interaction with the environment.
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