Abstract
The aim of this wok was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three-waycross maize hybrids grown in different environments, to determine linear associations and to employ multivariate analysis for the measured traits. The experimental design used was randomized blocks in factorial scheme, arranged in three replicates. The three-way cross maize hybrids evaluated evidence phenotypic variability for the traits spike diameter, spike length, number of rows with grains, number of grains per row, cob mass and spike grains mass. The growing environment of Campos Borges-RS favors the increment of spike diameter, number of grains per row, spike mass, cob diameter, cob mass, mass of a thousand grains, spike grains mass and grain yield. Significant interactions between three-way cross maize hybrids and growing environments are verified for plant height, spike insertion height and prolificity. The traits spike diameter, mass of a thousand grains and mass of grains per spike present positive correlation with maize grain yield. The distinction of three-way cross hybrids is based on spike insertion height, spike diameter, plant height and mass of a thousand grains. The hybrids 2B688 HX® and 2A55 HX® are genetically closer, according to the biometric approach of canonical variables.
Highlights
Maize (Zea mays L.) has an outstanding role in the world agribusiness scenario because it provides many products for human and animal diet, being used for ethanol production and other branches of industry (Demetrio, 2008)
Evaluating grain yield components of maize hybrids grown in four different environments from southern Brazil, Nardino et al (2016) found no significant interaction
Regarding the variation source three-way cross maize hybrids, significant differences were evidenced for the traits spike diameter (DE), spike length (SL), number of rows with grains per spike (NRG), number of grains per row (NGR), cob mass (CM) and mass of grains per spike (MGS) (Table 2)
Summary
Maize (Zea mays L.) has an outstanding role in the world agribusiness scenario because it provides many products for human and animal diet, being used for ethanol production and other branches of industry (Demetrio, 2008). Grain yield in maize is determined by the genotype’s genetic constitution and its plasticity in different environment conditions. In order to comprehend genotypes inconsistencies in different environments, the multivariate analyses are to be employed, which consider the performance of different traits, generating a single tendency (Costa, 2010). These analyses applied in the dynamics of a breeding program may aid to distinguish genotypes more efficiently (Oliboni, 2009). The aim of this wok was to evaluate the agronomic performance of three-way cross maize hybrids grown in different environments, to determine linear associations and to employ multivariate analysis for the measured traits
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