Abstract
ABSTRACT The genotypes evaluation in a germplasm bank is essential to determine their commercial or usefulness, as potential parents, in a breeding program. We aimed to detect the genetic diversity of 42 tomato genotypes of cherry type, belonging to the germplasm bank of the Federal University of Uberlândia and, also evaluate their behavior. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse in randomized block design with 42 treatments and two replications. Ten quantitative traits of agronomic importance were evaluated. The genetic divergence was obtained by multivariate analysis, using the Mahalanobis distance with different clustering methods (UPGMA and Tocher). The hybrids performance was compared by Scott-Knott (p= 0.05) and Dunnett’s test (p= 0.05). UPGMA and Tocher grouped the genotypes similarly, representing genetic divergence satisfactorily. The genotypes UFU 29, UFU 21 and UFU 07 were more productive, earlier and also divergent from the pre-commercial treatment (UFU 200), being able to be used as potential parents.
Highlights
A avaliação de genótipos em um banco de germoplasma é essencial para determinar seu potencial comercial ou sua utilidade como potenciais genitores em um programa de melhoramento
Os métodos UPGMA e Tocher agruparam os genótipos de forma semelhante, sendo satisfatórios para representar a divergência genética
Since the main cherry tomatoes are produced from hybrid seeds (Maciel et al, 2016), breeding strategies consist in exploiting heterosis to detect important agronomic characteristics, as productivity, plagues and disease resistance and precocity
Summary
A avaliação de genótipos em um banco de germoplasma é essencial para determinar seu potencial comercial ou sua utilidade como potenciais genitores em um programa de melhoramento. Cherry tomatoes present small fruits and a sweeter taste in relation to the other groups. These minitomatoes are quite new on the supermarkets, but have one of the greatest potential for expansion, for presenting different flavors and colors and for its practicality (Maciel et al, 2016). The variability between parents can be estimated using measures of genetic dissimilarity, highlighting the generalized distance of Mahalanobis that considers the residual variances and covariances existing between quantitative characters (Cruz et al, 2012).Tocher and UPGMA methods are constantly used to check this divergence on tomato cropping (Gonçalves et al, 2008; Mattedi et al, 2014; Araújo et al, 2016)
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