Agronomic performance and chemical composition of silage from corn hybrids grown in southern Rondonia

Érica De Oliveira Araújo,Diogo De Souza Freitas,José Vanor Felini Catânio,Jiovane Anderson Da Silva Ribeiro,Aline Ottes Moreira,Lizianne De Matos Emerick,Fernando De Souza Silva

doi:10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20572

Érica De Oliveira Araújo, Diogo De Souza Freitas + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i12.20572

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Abstract

Corn is a widely used crop for silage. However, due to the changes introduced in recent genotypes, regional information related to the agronomic production behavior and the chemical composition of the silage produced becomes necessary for the appropriate technological development destined to agricultural and animal production in the Amazon region. With this premise, the present study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn hybrids cultivated for silage production and the chemical composition of the ensiled material. The experiment was conducted from October 2020 to March 2021, under field conditions, in the experimental area of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rondonia, Colorado do Oeste Campus, in the municipality of Colorado do Oeste, RO, Brazil. The experimental design used was completely randomized, composed of six corn hybrids (GNZ7210 VTPRO2, AG8480 VTPRO3, BM3073 VTPRO3, BM270 VTPRO2, BM3066 VTPRO3 and BM3077 VTPRO3) and five replicates, cultivated at spacing of 0.80m between rows and 0.20m between plants. There was variation in the agronomic performance of the commercial corn hybrids for the southern region of Rondônia. The silages produced from the six corn hybrids showed bromatological and chemical characteristics that characterize them as silages of very good quality, despite showing significant differences in the percentages of DM, MM, CP, N-NH3/TN, NDF and ADF. The hybrid BM3073 PRO3 stood out for fresh matter yield, shoot N content and quality of the silage produced, which may result in the reduction of silage production costs.

Highlights

The estimated area planted with corn in the 2020/2021 season was 19,873 million hectares with a production of 106 million tons (Conab, 2021), which places the country in a prominent position in the global agribusiness
Paziani et al (2009) comment that silage quality is influenced by the structural composition of the plant and should be a criterion to be considered in the choice of a hybrid, as well as its total production of fresh and dry matter
Agronomic performance of corn hybrids The results showed significant effects (p≤0.05) on plant height, ear attachment height, stem diameter, diameter below ear, ear length, ear diameter, number of grains per ear, number of grain rows per ear and fresh matter yield in response to the different corn hybrids cultivated for silage production (Table 3)

Summary

Introduction

The estimated area planted with corn in the 2020/2021 season was 19,873 million hectares with a production of 106 million tons (Conab, 2021), which places the country in a prominent position in the global agribusiness. In Rondônia, just over 212,000 hectares were cultivated in the 2020/2021 season, with a production of 1 million tons of corn (Conab, 2021), which allows the state to be among the three largest producers in the Northern region. Moraes et al (2013) state that the quality and nutritional value of the ensiled material may be influenced by the structural composition of corn plants and by the production of grains, leaf and stem. Most breeding programs of corn seed companies have not followed the development of the silage market (Pereira Filho and Borghi, 2016), much less in the Amazon region

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