Abstract
A field demonstration trial comparing the growth status, yield ability and water use efficiency of drought-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties and normal paddy rice variety under drip irrigation and paddy irrigation was carried out for two years in Shanghai, China. Under drip irrigation, both inbred and hybrid water-saving and drought resistant rice (WDR) varieties showed better yield capacity than paddy rice varieties tested. WDR varieties under drip irrigation attained more than 95% of the yield level that is achieved in paddy field, while the paddy varieties under the same drip condition reached only about 75%.The methane gas emission was obviously decreased under drip irrigation condition, while the emission of other greenhouse gas like nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide was not observed significant difference between drip and paddy irrigation. It could be concluded that it is practicable to grow water saving and drought resistant rice through drip irrigation. Drip irrigation maintained a competitive grain yield and water productivity, and greatly reduced pollution risk to the environment. Considering the conservative amount of fertilizer application, less than the amount of fertilization in normal paddy field, the yield potential of rice could be improved by increasing the amount of fertilizer as top application in drip irrigation system.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world which is mainly grown in Eastern and Southern Asia
water-saving and drought resistant rice (WDR) varieties under drip irrigation attained more than 95% of the yield level that is achieved in paddy field, while the paddy varieties under the same drip condition reached only about 75%.The methane gas emission was obviously decreased under drip irrigation condition, while the emission of other greenhouse gas like nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide was not observed significant difference between drip and paddy irrigation
At first under paddy irrigation condition, for the indica hybrid rice combination, Hanyou 73, a WDR hybrid did not perform better than the paddy variety Xieyou 702, but the inbred japonica variety, Huhan 3, a WDR variety showed significantly higher yield capacity than the paddy variety Jinfeng
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world which is mainly grown in Eastern and Southern Asia. It is grown in a wide range of environments and productive in many situations where other crops would fail. Rice-growing environments are based on their hydrological characteristics which include irrigated, rain fed lowland, upland. Water - nature’s gift to mankind is not unlimited and free forever. Rice farming consumes about 50% of water resources used in all economic activities (Fan et al, 1996; FAO, 2010; World Bank, 2010), which is taken as the largest consumer of water resources
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