Abstract
The agromorphological traits and phenotypic variation of mineral content in the fruit were evaluated in eleven tomato accessions from nine communities in El Salvador. The tomato collection was cultivated in a greenhouse with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant phenological and fruit traits, as well as the mineral content, were evaluated using atomic-absorption and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. In the analysis of variance, significant differences (p < 0.01) among the accessions were determined for agromorphological traits and all mineral elements except Cu. Plant height at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplant, days to flowering and maturating of the fruits, and the number and weight of fruits per plant were useful variables for describing the phenotypic divergences among the tomato accessions. In terms of mineral content, the differences among the accessions were based on Mg, P, S, Fe, Zn and Mn. The weights of the fruits per cluster and per plant and fruit weight presented negative correlations with Ca, Mg, Fe and P (r = −0.67 to −0.71, p < 0.05) and a positive correlation with Na (0.63).
Highlights
IntroductionWild tomato accessions range from the southeastern United States to South America, and they originate along the coast of Ecuador, Peru, part of Bolivia and the northern region of Chile [1,2,3,4]
Wild tomato (S. lycopersicum = S. lycopersicum var. cerasiforme) populations follow adaptive life strategies as ruderal plants in the Americas, because they usually grow in natural or disturbed lands such as roadsides, backyards, cultivated and deforested lands, dispersed by birds and without human care
Wild tomato accessions range from the southeastern United States to South America, and they originate along the coast of Ecuador, Peru, part of Bolivia and the northern region of Chile [1,2,3,4]
Summary
Wild tomato accessions range from the southeastern United States to South America, and they originate along the coast of Ecuador, Peru, part of Bolivia and the northern region of Chile [1,2,3,4]. In these countries, there is significant genetic diversity of Solanum lycopersicum L. and wild species; tomato producers and breeders from agricultural research centers tend to introduce hybrids and improved varieties to boost fruit quality and crop performance [5,6]. The tomato landraces were chosen by farmers based on varieties that had been introduced many years ago through natural hybridization or from the crossing of improved varieties and wild tomato plants growing close to crop fields [2,7,8,9].
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