Agroecological testing of rapeseed varieties in rice crop rotation in Kalmykia

Abstract

The article deals with the effects of nitrogen nutrition on the production of spring rape varieties and row spacing on the linear growth of plants aimed at improving the rice yield. The experimental studies were carried out on the fields of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Harada” in the Oktyabrsk District of the Republic of Kalmykia located in the zone of the Sarpin irrigation system. The resource-saving technologies that can increase the yield without irrigation using residual moisture reserves are of great importance. Intermediate crops can accelerate the soil cultivation on rice fields and increase the rice yield. When spring rape is sown, the soil acquires an increased ability to restore the structure of the soil layer. The green mass is digestible and contains a small amount of fiber. With a high level of moisture, it can give several yields of green mass. With intensive growth of rapeseed after mowing crops, it can be used for grazing. Over the years of research, the yield of green mass varied from 14.8 to 22.9 t/ha. It was revealed that for Vizit variety, an increase in the row spacing from 15 to 30 cm does not reduce the yield of green mass, and with an increase from 30 to 60 cm, the yield decreases by 22 … 28%. For Ratnik variety, the best row spacing was 45 cm. An increase or decrease in row spacing reduces the green mass yield by 8 … 12%. The influence of nitrogen nutrition and sowing density on the production process and green mass yield was identified.