Agroecological substantiation of rational use of degraded and unproductive soils in Kyiv region

Abstract

One of the main factors that destabilized the situation in Kiev region is excessive agricultural development and the plowing of land that has been the result of extensive agricultural production, agro-environmental non-compliance with the requirements of land use. Today, agricultural development of the territory of Kiev region is 59.5, and the plowing of — 48.1 %. Excessive anthropogenic pressure on agro-ecosystems has led to the uncontrolled development of degradation processes, especially erosion, loss of humus, nutrients, eutrophication, excessive moisture, and others. The most alarming trends are observed in the soil cover where erosion, pollution with agrochemicals and industrial emissions, a violation of technology crop, are unwarranted and unjustified interference in the hydrological regime the territory of the drai nage and irrigation of land reclamation and degraded from active agricultural use large areas of productive land are withdrawned. A rational use of agro-ecological study of degraded and unproductive lands of the Kiev region are conducted. According to the proposed criteria for the explication of agricultural industrial groups of soils calculation of their areas was done. The total area of degraded and unproductive arable land of Kiev region is 124.6 thousand hectares. Each hectare which brings an annual average of 260 UAH losses or in the whole Kiev region about 32 mln. UAH annually. The directions of future use of degraded soils and low productivity of arable land, including the removal of them from the intensive cultivation, followed by conservation through afforestation, grassing, and others are determined.