Abstract
A prerequisite for increasing the area of sparsely distributed leguminous crops lies in the analysis of their cultivars according to agroecological indicators. Therefore, the purpose was to develop the State Register of plant cultivars suitable for distribution in Ukraine for 2021 and Official descriptions of plant cultivars and indicators of economic suitability, highlighted in the information and reference system “Sort” (cultivar) regarding the assessment of agroecological resistance of cultivars of sparsely distributed legumes. The highest potential seed yield, according to the State Register of plant cultivars of Ukraine, is attributed to horse bean cultivars Tiffani and Fanfare, lentil cultivars YeS Maksymum, Blondi and SNIM 18, chickpea cultivars Goksu, Aras, Zehavit, YeS Alunt and a cultivar of grass pea Ivolha. The highest resistance to diseases is attributed to the cultivars of horse beans Birgit, Apollo, and Stella, cultivars of lentils Blondi, Khryzolit, SNIM 18, Harri, Linza, cultivars of chickpeas Odysei, Zodiak, Rodin, Oven, Stepovyi velet, and all cultivars of grass pea. The most resistant to pests are horse beans Sirius and Fanfare, lentil cultivars Harri, Blondi, Khryzolit, SNIM 18, cultivars of chickpea Dostatok, Zodiak, Lara, Yaryna, YeS Alunt, Rodin, Stepovyi velet, Kozeroh and Odysei. The most drought-resistant is the cultivar of grass pea Ivolha, as well as most cultivars of horse beans, except Sirius and Fanfare, lentil cultivars, except YeS Maksymum, Antonina, and Harri, chickpeas, except Zehavit and Budzhak cultivars. Analysis of agroecological resistance of cultivars of sparsely distributed leguminous plants and their potential seed yield showed that to a large extent, high productivity is ensured by resistance to adverse agroecological factors: the influence of diseases, pests, and drought. The practical value of the study is to recommend the production of cultivars of sparsely distributed legumes with the highest indicators of resistance to diseases, pests, and drought with the highest potential yield
Highlights
Leguminous crops are valuable in the food, fodder, and agroecological significance of agricultural plants in Ukraine
The most drought-resistant is the cultivar of grass pea Ivolha, as well as most cultivars of horse beans, except Sirius and Fanfare, lentil cultivars, except YeS Maksymum, Antonina, and Harri, chickpeas, except Zehavit and Budzhak cultivars
As of 2021, the State Register of plant cultivars suitable for distribution in Ukraine includes 10 cultivars of horse beans (Vicia faba L.) [15]
Summary
Leguminous crops are valuable in the food, fodder, and agroecological significance of agricultural plants in Ukraine. In Ukraine, the acreage under leguminous crops in 2019 amounted to 566.0 thousand hectares, which is approximately 2% of the structure of the sown area and is a very low indicator [1]. Of the total area of leguminous crops in Ukraine, over 84% belongs to peas and soybeans. These two crops are the main ones among legumes. Under conditions of the climate change, the potential of other legumes, such as chickpeas, lentils, grass peas, beans, etc. Under conditions of the climate change, the potential of other legumes, such as chickpeas, lentils, grass peas, beans, etc. is not fully utilised, which can provide higher yields in extreme weather conditions at a lower cost
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