Abstract
The purpose of the research is to study the phytomeliorative properties of the accompanying crops of rice crop rotations and the degree of their influence on the soil fertility indicators of rice fields. Experimental studies are conducted on rice pouches located in the zone of activity of the Sarpinskaya irrigation and irrigation system of the Republic of Kalmykia, the source of which is the river Volga. The soil cover of rice fields is represented by solonetzic light chestnut and brown semi-desert soils in combination with solonetzes. To diversify into rice degraded agro landscapes, the effect of phyto-meliorants on soil fertility of rice fields was studied. It has been revealed that in order to improve the meliorative state and increase the soil fertility of rice fields, it is necessary to provide for the cultivation of accompanying crops of rice cropland (spring rape, mustard, sunflower, lucerne sowing) with the use of residual moisture reserves after rice. Agroecological assessment of soils of rice crop rotations has been carried out, which has shown the effectiveness of meliorating influence of ameliorant crops, which consists in enriching the soil with organic matter due to additional plant residues entering the soil, increasing its biological activity, improving agrophysical and agrohydrological properties.
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