Abstract
The Juçara palm is native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and has significant commercial and environmental potential. Its multiple end-uses have encouraged studies on its climatic requirements, especially in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, where its presence is currently limited due to illegal exploitation. The objective of this study was to conduct an agroclimatic zoning of the Juçara palm tree in São Paulo. Meteorological data from 110 government stations, the Rural Environmental Registry (CAR) and ArcGIS® 10.4 geotechnical tools were used to show temperature, precipitation, and water deficit data in map-like visualizations for reclassified an agroclimatic zoning. A significant proportion of São Paulo State is considered suitable and viable for the Juçara palm, mainly in the south-central and eastern parts of the state and including regions adjacent to large population centers. Considering sufficient economic return, irrigation can be used in regions that are at the lowest limit of the plant’s water demand. For areas where the upper-temperature limit exceeds the recommended temperature for the plant, its cultivation/management should be explored as part of agroforestry systems. Based on our analysis, the CAR environmental registry is effective in identifying areas for the implementation of agroforestry systems.
Highlights
Brazil is a large country with significant variation in climatic and productive environments, which allows for the cultivation of a wide range of different crops
We developed a database with the historical series data for average annual precipitation and maximum, average, and minimum air temperatures for 110 municipalities, which were converted to shapefiles
We can see that the majority of São Paulo's relief is suitable for agricultural mechanization, a requirement that is important for the commercial cultivation of Juçara palm
Summary
Brazil is a large country with significant variation in climatic and productive environments, which allows for the cultivation of a wide range of different crops. The country has the advantage of producing more than one harvest per year, such as beans, maize and sugarcane crops. According to MAPA (2016), the agribusiness sector produced an annual revenue of approximately 86.2 billion dollars. Due to its soil and climatic characteristics, Brazil’s territory encompasses extensive and rich biomes that have significant potential for the sustainable use of certain species. Through intercropping with native species that have commercial potential, such systems can help to recover altered ecosystems and reduce the environmental impact of illegal exploitation. In comparison with the revenue generated by agricultural products, forest products provide an annual income of approximately 2.82 billion dollars (MAPA, 2016)
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