Abstract
<p class="abstrakInggris"><span>Maize (<em>Zea mays</em> L.) productivity in Indonesia is challenged to be increased using genetic engineering. Recent advances in <em>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in-planta</em> transforma-tion makes it possible<strong> </strong>to<strong> </strong>transform maize with low cost, and simple method. This study aimed to confirm pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid in <em>A. tumefaciens</em>, and to estimate the efficiency level of<strong> </strong> <em>A<strong>. </strong>tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in-planta</em> transformation of Indonesian maize by<strong> </strong>using pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid containing <em>npt</em>II and<strong> </strong><em>hpt</em><strong> </strong>genes. A series of studies were conducted including confirmation of gene construct of pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid in <em>A. tumefaciens</em>, transformation of four maize lines through <em>A. tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in-planta</em> technique, acclimatization of transformant plants and molecular analysis of selected plants using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The pIG121Hm-<em>Cs</em> plasmid was confirmed via PCR analysis using specific primers of <em>npt</em>II and <em>hpt</em> genes and resulted 700 bp and 500 bp for fragments of <em>npt</em>II and <em>hpt</em>, respectively. After selection, acclimatization and molecular analysis steps, the efficiency levels of transformation of four maize lines were low, ranging from 3.8% to 12.8%. The level of transformation efficiency of ST-27 line was the highest accounting for 12.8% of 45 planted embryos on selection medium based on PCR analysis using specific primer for <em>npt</em>II gene. Overall, <em>A. tumefaciens</em>-mediated <em>in planta</em> transformation on maize floral pistil in this study proved to be successful and rapid. Therefore, this enhanced transformation method will be beneficial for Indonesian maize genetic engineering.</span></p>
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