Abstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the productive response associate to biochemical indicators and oxidative enzymes activities involved in the water deficit resistance in eight sugarcane varieties (RB951541, RB931011, RB962962, RB867515, RB763710, RB72454, RB863129, and RB92579) grown in the semi-arid regions of Brazil. Compared to all other varieties, RB763710 was superior in the number of stems m-1, mean height, and stem diameter, production of whole plant fresh biomass and stem. When biochemical responses were obtained, all sugarcane varieties had a statistically similar solubility and maturity, regardless of the specific maturity rate of each cultivar. The increase in soluble carbohydrate levels occurred in the most stress-sensitive varieties and the variety RB763710 had the highest proline content. A lower general correlation was observed between the production of fresh biomass of stalks and the enzymatic activity. Among the varieties, RB763710 had the highest enzymatic activities which possibly provided greater tolerance to water stress due to the ability to maintain the redox state in the leaves of plants under water deficit. The study of the adaptation mechanisms of sugarcane against water deficit has contributed to the development and diffusion of genotypes tolerant to rainfed conditions, thus contributing to increased productivity even under adverse conditions, allowing maintenance and optimization of the production chains of sugarcane in rainfed regions.
Highlights
The economic, social and energy valorization of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) has promoted its cropping even in unfavorable and semi-arid regions due to its diverse uses such as energy matrix, sugar-alcohol, animal production and civil construction
The sugarcane variety RB763710 was significantly superior in all agronomic variables such as the number of stems m−1, mean height, and main stem diameter, production of whole plant fresh biomass and stem, followed by RB962962, RB867515, and RB72454 (Table 3)
When exposed to natural precipitation under field conditions the plants experience periods of water stress due to natural rain cycles. During these water deficit cycles may occur several metabolic disturbances related to key physiological processes necessary to yield, such as water relations, nutrient unbalance and photosynthesis (Li et al, 2018)
Summary
The economic, social and energy valorization of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) has promoted its cropping even in unfavorable and semi-arid regions due to its diverse uses such as energy matrix, sugar-alcohol, animal production and civil construction. Semi-arid regions have several conditions that can limit crop productivity such as water deficit, high temperatures, soil salinity and high luminosity (Choudhary et al, 2018; Pedroso et al, 2018). Oxidative stress can increase the production of reactive oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and radical hydroxyl groups, which are capable of damaging vital cell structures and organelles, culminating in cell death, depending on the severity of the stress (Iqba et al, 2018). As a defense mechanism against unfavorable conditions, plants produce antioxidant enzymes and other non-enzymatic compounds that are able to neutralize the damage caused due to stress (Jiang et al, 2016; Marcos et al, 2018). Antioxidative enzymes include catalase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, peroxidase and glutathione reductase (Moura et al, 2018)
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