Abstract
During the first eight years of the revolution, 1952 to 1960, the production of Egyptian field crops rose by some 33 per cent, or an average of 3-9 per cent per annum. The major instrument of agricultural transformation before 1913 was the provision of extra summer water by means of a system of dams and barrages which was begun in the late 1880s. The outcome of the two developments just described, the expansion of the crop area and the rise in yields, was a very considerable increase in agricultural output between 1890 and 1914. The effects of the deterioration on soil fertility were less dramatic where crops other than cotton were concerned. During the First World War most of the schemes set in motion to halt the decline in cotton yields came to a standstill. The Egyptian Government was also active at this time in trying to improve the conditions in which peasant agriculture was practised.
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