Agricultural NH 3 and NO x emissions in Canada

Abstract

This is a review of the Canadian science and technology related to sources, impacts and abatement for atmospheric nitrogen emissions from agriculture. The primary focus is on the gases ammonia (NH 3) and nitrogen oxides (NO x). In Canada, recent inventories show a significant increase in agricultural emissions of NH 3. Most emissions are from farm animals, with the remainder from fertilizer application. Current estimates indicate that farm vehicles contribute approximately 5% of total NO x emissions in Canada. Fertilized farmland is also a source of NO x. Techniques that are available to Canadian producers to reduce on-farm nitrogen air emissions include: feeding strategies, manure management and housing for livestock, air purification, and synthetic nutrient management. Improved efficiency of fuel combustion in farm vehicles reduces NO x emissions. At the present time, relative to significant Canadian studies on agricultural sources of nitrogen air emissions, there is little research into the associated environmental effects and on abatement techniques. There is a need for further investigation into all aspects of atmospheric nitrogen emissions in Canadian agriculture.