Abstract
Greenhouse gas emission is a global ecological challenge since it affects climate change and complicates providing food security. Each country ought to care about mitigating Greenhouse gas emissions including CH4 and N2O originated from agriculture. In this context, first, the performed research focused on Ukrainian ranking among the world Greenhouse gas emitters offering a multi-criteria evaluation of total Greenhouse gas quantities in CO2 equivalent, those ones per capita and per km2 of countries’ land territories. These indictors were also applied to visual comparing involvement of Ukrainian economy and its agriculture in the international Greenhouse gas emissions. Second, to explore agricultural Greenhouse gas emission at the domestic level we studied regional contributions by basic source categories such as enteric fermentation, manure management, and synthetic fertilizers. The proposed horizontal and vertical analyses allow clarifying regional management priorities in reducing Greenhouse gas emissions. Third, for this purpose the conducted investigation specified the EU Member States which match Ukrainian condition by shares of Greenhouse gas emissions and outputs in animal and crop sectors. The found patterns will be the most reliable vectors of adopting effective agricultural practices beneficial for the environment protection and mitigating influence over climate change.
Highlights
Being adopted in New York in May 1992 and proclaimed on the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change recognized the global challenge of human-induced impact on the climate system
To find the EU patterns closest to Ukrainian conditions, we considered shares of agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions originated from crop and animal husbandry in the EU countries as well as their quantities of GHG emissions per unit of agricultural output
The top-10 environmental dangers were identified in Singapore, Bahrain, Kuwait, Malta, Qatar, South Korea, the Netherlands, Trinidad and Tobago, Israel, and Luxembourg, which had annual GHG emissions of 77,076, 43,554, 10,988, 9,426, 7,151, 6,742, 5,511, 5,034, 4,407, and 4,366 tonnes per km2 of a land territory, respectively (WB, 2019)
Summary
Being adopted in New York in May 1992 and proclaimed on the Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro in June 1992, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (the UNFCCC) recognized the global challenge of human-induced impact on the climate system. Climate change in the form of global warming associates with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The major anthropogenic GHGs are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) with the shares of 76%, 16%, and 6%, respectively. They are different in lifetime of 50, 12, and 120 years and in initial radiative forcing in the ratio about 1:25:250 (UNFCCC, 2019). Since 1750, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide (in parts per million (CO2) / parts per billion (CH4, N2O)) increased by 45%, 156%, and 22%, respectively, and were entailed by raising the average global surface temperature by over 0.8 degrees Celsius.
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