Abstract
The central objective of this study is to assess whether or not the declaration of principles agreed between Ethiopia, Egypt and Sudan in 23March 2015 reaffirms the past colonial agreements on the Nile. To achieve this objective, the researcher employed qualitative methodology. In order to gather data to the study, a secondary source was used. Accordingly, books, journal articles, reports and internet sources were used. Based on the data analyzed, findings of the study show that despite the seemingly positive development in the two countries’ relations on the issue of Nile, the current agreement has incorporated many elements which corroborate the 1929 and 1959 agreements on Nile. It reaffirms the past colonial agreements by compromising the sovereign power of Ethiopia, recognizing Egypt’s right on the management of the dam, vaguely obliging Ethiopia to give priority to downstream countries, granting Ethiopia a very restricted utilization of the Nile water, and including the tributaries of Nile river in the ambit of the agreement.
Highlights
After long time of political frictions, Ethiopia and Egypt including Sudan came to reach an agreement on the principles of utilization of Nile on March 23, 2015
Ethiopia, which is the major contributor to the total volume of Nile water, stood on the opposite side to challenge the hegemony of Egypt on Nile
If we look into the geographic condition of Egypt, it forms part of the Saharan desert
Summary
After long time of political frictions, Ethiopia and Egypt including Sudan came to reach an agreement on the principles of utilization of Nile on March 23, 2015. The agreement states that “no irrigation or power works or measures are to be constructed or taken on the River Nile or its tributaries, or on the lakes from which it flows in so far as all these are in the Sudan or in countries under British administration, which would entail prejudice to the interests of Egypt” [2] This agreement conferred 48 and 4 billion cubic meters of water for Egypt and Sudan respectively. Ethiopia, Egypt, and Sudan came to reach an agreement on the principles of utilization of Nile on March 23, 2015 Though this declaration has good signs of the two countries’ future positive relations, there are a number of elements which go against the interest of Ethiopia and favor Egypt.
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