Agreement of 3 carcass rinse sampling methods (split carcass, repeat rinse, and adjacent pair) on the detection of Salmonella contamination in broiler carcasses

Abstract

Whole carcass rinse is the most common method used to determine Salmonella prevalence in broiler carcasses. However, there is a need to determine the carcass rinse sampling method that best measures the Salmonella status of a broiler carcass as it proceeds through processing, thus allowing the assessment of efficacy of interventions to meet Food Safety Inspection Services (FSIS) performance standards.In this study, 3 paired carcass rinse sampling methods, namely split-carcass method (rinses of 2 halves of one carcass), repeat rinse method (rinse and rerinse of same carcass), and adjacent pair method (rinses of 2 adjacent carcasses), were evaluated during actual operations in commercial poultry processing plants in the southeastern United States. The purpose of the work was to determine which method resulted in greatest agreement of Salmonella status on paired broiler carcass rinses.The adjacent pair method showed moderate agreement consistently in 3 trials of 150 pairs per trial with kappa values of 0.46, 0.55, and 0.46. The repeat rinse method showed substantial kappa agreement (0.64) in one trial and moderate kappa agreement (0.47, 0.41) in 2 other trials. In one trial, the repeat rinse method showed a significant difference in prevalence rates between repeated rinses. Even though the split carcass method showed moderate kappa agreement (0.58, 0.45) in 150 carcasses in each of 2 trials, the disadvantages of the split carcass method were that it was more labor and time intensive and the product was damaged, when compared to the other 2 methods. Overall, although prevalence estimates were fairly consistent between pairs by each method, agreement between Salmonella status of the paired samples was less than desired, mostly moderate. This lack of agreement should be considered in the design of studies assessing the efficacy of interventions for the control of Salmonella in broilers to meet FSIS performance standards.