Abstract
Between 1861 and 1917 a “land allotment mentalite” developed among government officials, public activists and peasants themselves that shaped discussions of land reform in 1917 and the following years, representing a broad consensus on how social justice as it applied to land reform might be judged and measured. Based on the published and archival materials of the Main Land Committee, peasant congress publications, and the Hoover Institution Archive’s Wrangel Collection this article examines discussions of land reform in the revolutionary period. It shows that from the Provisional Government’s Main Land Committee down to peasant assemblies and ultimately both sides of the post-October Civil War the “norm” was understood as a fundamental moral and economic foundation for any new order.
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