Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neuronal dysfunction. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), originally developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have demonstrated promising neuroprotective effects. This review aims to evaluate the effects and underlying mechanisms of GLP-1 RAs in the context of AD. A comprehensive search of databases yielded 622 articles, from which studies met the predefined inclusion criteria and were subjected to detailed analysis, 29 articles were deemed appropriate for analysis. The results indicate that GLP-1 RAs can significantly reduce amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition and phosphorylated tau levels in the brains of AD patients. These neuroprotective effects are attributed to multiple synergistic mechanisms, including the enhancement of neuronal survival, reduction of oxidative stress, and attenuation of neuroinflammation. This review underscores the importance of further research to fully elucidate the mechanisms of GLP-1 RAs and their potential as a therapeutic strategy for AD.
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