Abstract
This chapter describes an ongoing research program on the strategic behavior during learning, especially with reference to adult development and aging. The chapter summarizes the key findings from this research program. It turns next to a definition of strategy use and to the conceptual framework of strategy and aging that highlights the interplay between strategic behavior and other constructs central to both social and cognitive psychology. The effects of aging on memory are widely studied. Older adults show substantial deficits in associative learning; memory for paired-associate materials is shown to be impaired in both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. These deficits occur in samples that are carefully screened for memory pathology (—for example, Alzheimer's disease) and hence cannot be attributed to age-correlated brain disease; instead, the associative learning deficit appears to be a feature of normal aging. A contribution of research to this area is to evaluate the hypothesis that age differences in encoding strategies contribute to the associative deficit. After presenting this framework and its relevance to research in this area, it reviews major findings regarding strategy use and then discusses the future directions for our research program that one currently envisions.
Published Version
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