Aging-induced hysteresis loop evolution of Ba(Ti0.99Mn0.01)O3 ceramics during ferroelectric-ferroelectric transition cycle

Abstract

We investigate the ferroelectric hysteresis loops in various ferroelectric phases of the tetragonal phase aged Ba(Ti0.99Mn0.01)O3 ceramics and analyze the evolution process of the crystal symmetry and the defect configuration during experiencing the quick ferroelectric-ferroelectric transition cycle. It is found that the double loop appeared in the tetragonal phase could not be achieved in the orthorhombic and rhombohedral phase. However, the aging-induced double loop could be reappeared after experiencing a quick ferroelectric-ferroelectric transition cycle (tetragonal → orthorhombic → rhombohedral → tetragonal). These results indicate oxygen vacancies can only memorize and stabilize the tetragonal domain pattern, but the stabilization of the tetragonal domain pattern has no influence on the other ferroelectric phase domain pattern.