Abstract
The article discusses the development of a health care model for the elderly, seeking to add to the discussion about the aging of the population in the context of a new epidemiological and demographic scenario. Considering that the aging process in Brazil is relatively recent, more relevant social movements have been described in the construction of health policies directed towards the elderly. After an initial description of the main milestones, we present the model of care considered most appropriate for the best care of the elderly. Based on a critical analysis of health care models for the elderly, the article proposes an approach to care for this age group, focusing on health promotion and prevention, in order to avoid overloading the health system. Integrated care models aim to solve the problem of fragmented and poorly coordinated care in current health systems. The more the healthcare professional knows the history of his patient, the better the results; this is how contemporary and resolutive models of care should work, and it is these that are recommended by the most important national and international health agencies. This article is particularly concerned with a care model that is of higher quality, and is more resolutive and cost-effective.
Highlights
One of the greatest achievements of mankind was the extension of life expectancy, which was accompanied by a substantial improvement in the health parameters of populations, even though these achievements are far from being equitably distributed in different countries and in different socioeconomic contexts
Based on national and international studies, we have proposed a model of care focused on the elderly and their needs and characteristics[15]
A model of healthcare for the elderly which intends to be efficient must apply all levels of care, that is, have a well-designed flow of education actions, health promotion, prevention of diseases, postponement of illness, care as early as possible and rehabilitation of injuries
Summary
One of the greatest achievements of mankind was the extension of life expectancy, which was accompanied by a substantial improvement in the health parameters of populations, even though these achievements are far from being equitably distributed in different countries and in different socioeconomic contexts. The National Policy on Health for the Elderly (PNSI, Política Nacional de Saúde do Idoso), created Ordinance No 1395/1999, by the Ministry of Health (MH), aimed at promoting healthy aging, disease prevention, health recovery, preservation/ improvement/rehabilitation of the functional capacity of the elderly with the purpose of assuring their permanence in the environment and society in which they live, independently performing their activities[8] In this policy the guiding directives of all the actions in the health sector are defined, as well as the responsibilities to reach the proposal. At Level 3 (Geriatric Outpatient Clinic), we highlight the importance of the multidisciplinary team consisting of a physician, nurse and social worker, who perform the multidimensional geriatric evaluation that will allow specific interventions when necessary This evaluation considers aspects such as medical, care, social support, environmental, cognitive, affective, religious and economic beliefs that constitute the therapeutic plan, collectively constructed and discussed with the health team and the follow-up manager. Institution of Elderly's Long Stay (ILPI, Instituição de Longa Permanência de Idosos) Assisted Home Rehabilitation Unit
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