Abstract
The altered immune response in aged hosts play a vital role in contributing to their increased morbidity and mortality during respiratory virus infections. The aged hosts display impaired antiviral immune response as well as increased risk for long-term pulmonary sequelae post virus clearance. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms driving these alterations of the immune compartment have not been fully elucidated. During the era of COVID-19 pandemic, a better understanding of such aspects is urgently needed to provide insight that will benefit the geriatric patient care in prevention as well as treatment. Here, we review the current knowledge about the unique immune characteristics of aged hosts during homeostasis and respiratory virus infections.
Highlights
Aging is a major factor that contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality during respiratory virus infections including influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection [1,2,3]
We provide a brief overview of the current knowledge of the altered immune response in aged hosts during homeostasis and respiratory virus infection
Aging leads to increased susceptibility to viral infection, elevated acute morbidity and mortality and increased risk of chronic pulmonary sequelae
Summary
Aging is a major factor that contributes to the increased morbidity and mortality during respiratory virus infections including influenza virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection [1,2,3]. E Age-associated B cells accumulate with progressing age, accompanied by suboptimal humoral response following respiratory viral infection and/ or vaccination ability of alveolar macrophages (AMs) [19], which are important for surfactant turn-over and clearance of the pro-inflammatory cellular and molecular components.
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