Agile soft template array fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) polyaniline nanocomposite fibers for hydrogen storage.

Abstract

Polyaniline-Zn/V2O5 nanocomposites were prepared in the presence of toluene-4-sulfonic acid monohydrate as an anionic surfactant via an in situ oxidation polymerization method. The structural study of the nanocomposites was carried out using FTIR and XRD analysis, and their surface morphology was characterized through SEM analysis. The BET surface area of a 3 wt% nanocomposite was 386 m2 g-1, which is higher compared to that of PANI. The Kelvin two probe method was used to study DC conductivity, and it was found that the conductivity increases with increasing temperature. Among all the PANI nanocomposites, 3 wt% PANI-Zn/V2O5 shows a high conductivity of 13.8 S cm-1. Cyclic voltammetry results show the characteristic oxidation-reduction peaks at 0.93 V and 0.24 V for polyaniline and its nanocomposites, respectively. Hydrogen absorption studies were carried out using volumetric sorption measurement technique. At room temperature, it was found that the hydrogen adsorption capacity of polyaniline fibres is about 4.5 wt%, and its absorption capacity increases two-fold upon increasing the temperature up to 60 °C. Conversely, the 3 wt% PANI-Zn/V2O5 nanocomposite showed a high absorption capacity of 6.6 wt% compared with other compositions, which is may be due to the presence of nitrogen (N) molecules in polyaniline and its particular porous fiber architecture.