Aggressive Central Giant Cell Granuloma: a Case Report

Abstract

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaw is a benign lesion, with a wide variety of clinical behavior. The most common therapy is surgical curettage; this has a high recurrence rate, especially with aggressive lesions. This study reported the case of a 15-year-old patient with a swelling in the left midface, with rapid growth for the past 4 months, exophthalmos, blurred vision, and dental mobility. A computed tomography scan was performed, showing an extensive hypodense lesion involving the palate, nasal fossa, orbital floor, and sphenoid. An incisional biopsy was performed, rendering a diagnosis of CGCG. Intralesional corticosteroid injections (Triancil 20 mg/ml) were administered for 4 weeks without clinical improvement. The patient underwent surgical interventions, left hemi-maxillectomy, and immediate facial reconstruction. Histopathological analysis confirmed the lesion diagnosis of CGCG. The patient is in the third year of postoperative follow-up, with satisfactory healing and no signs of recurrences.