Abstract
Novel conjugated polymers based on 3,6-carbazole repeat units were synthesized by nickel-catalyzed Yamamoto coupling under microwave heating. The resulting poly(3,6-carbazole)s contain tetraphenylethylene (TPE) units in their side chains. The resultant polymers show aggregation induced emission (AIE) behavior. Hereby, the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of PCzTPE0.5 in 90% water–THF is 35 times higher than that in pure THF, connected to the introduction of TPE side chains. The ability of polymer PCzTPE0.5 for explosive sensing was also studied. A maximum Stern–Volmer quenching constant of 1.26 × 106 M−1 was observed for PL quenching of PCzTPE0.5 aggregates by trinitrobenzene (TNB). A solid state paper strip test based on PCzTPE0.5 and PCzTPE also demonstrates effective PL quenching towards both TNB vapor and solution.
Highlights
Most “conventional” organic luminophores exhibit high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency in solution but weaker PL efficiency in the solid state
A maximum Stern–Volmer quenching constant of 1.26 Â 106 MÀ1 was observed for PL quenching of PCzTPE0.5 aggregates by trinitrobenzene (TNB)
A solid state paper strip test based on PCzTPE0.5 and PCzTPE demonstrates effective PL quenching towards both TNB vapor and solution
Summary
Most “conventional” organic luminophores exhibit high photoluminescence (PL) efficiency in solution but weaker PL efficiency in the solid state (e.g. in the lms). The resultant polymers show aggregation induced emission (AIE) behavior. A solid state paper strip test based on PCzTPE0.5 and PCzTPE demonstrates effective PL quenching towards both TNB vapor and solution.
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