Abstract
Due to the aging of the global population, the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has increased globally, with a higher increase in high-income countries than in low-income regions. In a meta-analysis performed in 2014, the global prevalence of any AMD, early AMD, and late AMD in adults aged 45+ years was 8.7%, 8.0%, and 0.4%, respectively. Early AMD was more common in individuals of European ancestry than in Asians, while prevalence of late AMD did not differ significantly. AMD of any type was markedly less common in individuals of African ancestry. Globally, the number of individuals with AMD was estimated to be 196 million in 2020, and 288 million in 2040. In 2010 the worldwide number of persons blind due to macular disease (AMD) was 2.1 million, and the number of persons with moderate to severe visual impairment due to macular disease (AMD) was 6.0 million. In 2015, AMD was the fourth most common cause of blindness (and second most common cause of irreversible blindness) globally, making up ~6% of all causes of blindness.
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