Abstract
BackgroundInformation and communication technologies (ICTs) are becoming increasingly popular in supporting the fight against low physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents. However, several ICT solutions lack evidence-based content. Therefore, there is a need to identify important features that have the potential to efficiently and consistently support the PA of adolescents using ICT solutions. ObjectiveThis study aims to create evidence-based models of requirements for ICT solutions supporting PA by combining scientific evidence from literature and health experts. In addition, we test the suitability of agent-oriented goal models in this type of modeling process. MethodsA literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted to identify evidence-based functional, quality, and emotional goals that have previously been proven to be relevant in supporting PAs among youth using ICT solutions. The identified goals were presented in the form of goal models. These models were used to collaborate with health experts to receive their input on the topic and suggestions for improvement. The initial goal models were improved based on the feedback from the experts. ResultsThe results indicated that agent-oriented goal modeling is a suitable method for merging information from the literature and experts. One strength of agent-oriented goal models is that they present emotional requirements together with quality and functional requirements. Another strength is the possibility of presenting results from a literature review in a systematic manner and using them thereafter in the communication process with stakeholders. Agent-oriented goal models that were created were easy to understand for health experts without previous experience in requirements engineering, which facilitates and supports collaboration with nontechnical stakeholders.ConclusionsThe proposed agent-oriented goal models effectively merged information from scientific literature and experts in the field and presented early functional, quality, and emotional requirements in a holistic and coherent manner. We believe that the created models have high potential to help requirements engineers and developers to provide more efficient ICT solutions that support PA among adolescents in the future.
Highlights
BackgroundDespite the numerous health benefits of physical activity (PA) on mental, social, and physical health [1,2,3], countries struggle with low levels of PA among children and adolescents [4]
The highest-level goal expressed by the goal model is that adolescents should move or, in other words, be engaged in PA
The highest-level goal was elaborated into seven subgoals, each representing a particular aspect of achieving the highest-level goal, together with the associated quality and emotional goals
Summary
BackgroundDespite the numerous health benefits of physical activity (PA) on mental, social, and physical health [1,2,3], countries struggle with low levels of PA among children and adolescents [4]. Collaboration with health experts and scientists during the problem identification and requirements engineering phase helps to elicit evidence-based functional, quality, and emotional requirements for ICT-based intervention solutions that have the potential to support the behavioral change of the target group. Such collaboration with scientists and experts would increase the quality of information, and according to a review, several apps lack evidence-based content and focus mainly on functionality, aesthetics, and engagement [22]. Conclusions: The proposed agent-oriented goal models effectively merged information from scientific literature and experts in the field and presented early functional, quality, and emotional requirements in a holistic and coherent manner. We believe that the created models have high potential to help requirements engineers and developers to provide more efficient ICT solutions that support PA among adolescents in the future
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