Abstract
BackgroundThe prevalence of tobacco use, especially hookah, has increased in Iran In recent years, particularly among young people and women, and the age of onset of use has decreased. Tobacco use is the fourth leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases in Iran. These issues cause concerns in the country and led to the present study on tobacco control agenda-setting in Iran over a 30-year timeframe.MethodsWe conducted this retrospective analytical study to investigate process analysis in Iran using Kingdon’s multiple-streams framework (MSF). We collected the data using semi-structured interviews with key informants (n = 36) and reviewing policy documents (n > 100). Then, we analyzed the policy documents and in-depth interviews using the document and framework analysis method. We used MAXQDA 11 software to classify and analyze the data.ResultsIran’s accession to the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) opened a window of opportunity for tobacco control. The policy window opens when all three streams have already been developed. The adoption of the comprehensive law on the national control and campaign against tobacco in the Islamic Consultative Assembly in 2006 is a turning point in tobacco control activities in Iran.ConclusionsThe tobacco control agenda-setting process in Iran was broadly consistent with MSF. The FCTC strengthened the comprehensive plan for national control of tobacco as a policy stream. However, there are several challenges in developing effective policies for tobacco control in the Iranian setting.
Highlights
The prevalence of tobacco use, especially hookah, has increased in Iran In recent years, among young people and women, and the age of onset of use has decreased
Since 1998, the Tobacco Control Program has been at the forefront of the World Health Organization (WHO) to reduce the global burden of deaths and diseases related to tobacco
This study aimed to identify three streams and examine how policymakers placed tobacco control as a political priority in the agenda-setting in Iran over a 30-year timeframe
Summary
The prevalence of tobacco use, especially hookah, has increased in Iran In recent years, among young people and women, and the age of onset of use has decreased. Tobacco use is the fourth leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases in Iran. These issues cause concerns in the country and led to the present study on tobacco control agenda-setting in Iran over a 30-year timeframe. In Iran, tobacco was the fourth-leading risk factor for attributable DALYs after high blood. Studies showed that tobacco consumption is increasing in Iran, especially among women, and the age of onset is decreasing. Since 1998, the Tobacco Control Program has been at the forefront of the WHO to reduce the global burden of deaths and diseases related to tobacco. This study aimed to identify three streams and examine how policymakers placed tobacco control as a political priority in the agenda-setting in Iran over a 30-year timeframe
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