Abstract
Promoting age-friendly environment is one of the appropriate approaches to support quality of life toward ageing populations. However, the information regarding age-friendly environments in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Plus Three countries is still limited. This study aimed to survey the perceived age-friendly environments among ASEAN Plus Three older populations. The study employed cross-sectional quantitative research using multistage cluster sampling to select a sample of older adults in the capital cities of Japan, Malaysia, Myanmar, Vietnam and Thailand. The final sample was composed of 2171 older adults aged 55 years and over, including 140 Japanese, 510 Thai, 537 Malaysian, 487 Myanmarese, and 497 Vietnamese older adults. Data collection was conducted using a quantitative questionnaire with 20 items of perceived age-friendly environments with the rating scale based on the World Health Organization (WHO) standard. The score from the 20 items were analyzed and examined high-risk groups of “bad perception level” age-friendly environments using ordinal logistic regression. The research indicated the five highest inadequacies of age-friendly environments including: (1) participating in an emergency-response training session or drill which addressed the needs of older residents; (2) enrolling in any form of education or training, either formal or non-formal in any subject; (3) having opportunities for paid employment; (4) involvement in decision making about important political, economic and social issues in the community; and (5) having personal care or assistance needs met in the older adult’s home setting by government/private care services. Information regarding the inadequacy of age-friendliness by region was evidenced to guide policy makers in providing the right interventions towards older adults’ needs.
Highlights
Older populations are increasing more than other age groups with a faster rate in the developing countries [1]
We found that the five lowest average scores of perceived age-friendly environment in Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Plus Three are as follows: (1) participating in an emergency response training session or drill in the past year which addressed the needs of older residents; (2) enrolling in any form of education or training, either formal or non-formal, in any subject in the past year(mean score = 1.04); (3) having opportunities for paid employment; (4) involving in decision making about important political, economic and social issues in the community(mean score = 1.07); and (5) having personal care or assistance needs met in a home setting, e.g., home care nursing/hospice care/non-governmental organization (NGO)/volunteers
Among the 20 items of age-friendly environments, the five highest percentage of inadequate age-friendly environments are (1) participating in an emergency response training session or drill in the past year which addressed the needs of older residents; (2) enrolling in any form of education or training, either formal or non-formal; (3) having opportunities for paid employment; (4) involving in decision making about important political, economic and social issues in the community; and (5) having the personal care or assistance needs met in home setting by government/private care services
Summary
This study aimed to survey the perceived age-friendly environments among ASEAN Plus Three older populations. This study aimed (1) to examine the availability of provided age-friendly environments; (2) to investigate whether the distribution of provided age-friendly environments differ by country; and (3) to identify high-risk groups of having inadequate age-friendly environments
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