Abstract
BackgroundSex differences in calcium and phosphate have been observed. We aimed to assess a relation with age.MethodsWe used the laboratory values of serum calcium, phosphate and albumin from three different samples ( 2005, 2010 and 2014 years) using the hospital information system of Erasmus MC, Rotterdam. The samples were divided into three age groups: 1–17, 18–44 and ≥45 years. Sex differences in calcium and phosphate were analyzed using ANCOVA, adjusting for age and serum albumin. Furthermore, sex by age interactions were determined and we analyzed differences between age groups stratified by sex.ResultsIn all three samples there was a significant sex × age interaction for serum calcium and phosphate, whose levels were significantly higher in women compared to men above 45 years. No sex differences in the younger age groups were found. In men, serum calcium and phosphate levels were highest in the youngest age group compared to age groups of 18–44 and ≥45 years. In women, serum calcium levels were significantly higher in the age group 1–17 and the age group ≥45 years compared to the 18–44 years age group. In women, serum phosphate was different between the three different age groups with highest level in the group 1–17 years and lowest in the group 18–44 years.ConclusionThere are age- dependent sex differences in serum calcium and phosphate. Furthermore, we found differences in serum calcium and phosphate between different age groups. Underlying mechanisms for these age- and sex- differences are not yet fully elucidated.
Highlights
Calcium and phosphate imbalance has been linked to several disorders such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and mortality [1, 2, 3, 4]
2014 samples, a significant sex difference in serum phosphate appeared in the 5th decade, whereas in the 2010 sample this appeared in the 6th decade
In the 2005 sample a significant sex differences appeared for serum calcium levels in the 7th decade whereas in the 2010 and 2014 sample this difference appeared in the 6th decade
Summary
Calcium and phosphate imbalance has been linked to several disorders such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, osteoporosis and mortality [1, 2, 3, 4]. Some of these conditions display marked sex-specific incidences [3, 5, 6], which might be related to sex differences in calcium and phosphate homeostasis. Key Words to assess a relation with age. ff calcium
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