Abstract
Allergy is an adverse immunologic response of increasing prevalence and severity in which immunoglobulin E plays a pivotal role. Total IgE (tIgE) levels show wide variations depending on various factors, such as age, sex, ethnicity, and geographic area. This study set out to quantitatively determine the serum tIgE levels in Bangladeshi population who were clinically suspected cases of allergic diseases and to find out the association of tIgE level with their age and gender. This cross-sectional descriptive exploratory study was conducted at Biomed Diagnostics Laboratory, Panthapath, Dhaka, from March 2021-September 2021. A total of 402 blood samples were collected from clinically suspected cases of allergic diseases. Quantitative detection of tIgE in serum was done by Immunoblot assay manufactured by Proteome Tech Inc. (PROTIATM Allergy-Q64S panel). Among 402 subjects, a wide variation of tIgE levels ranging from 5 to 2000 IU/ml was found but majority of the study population (30.35%) showed tIgE levels within the range of 201 - 350 IU/ml. The study population aging 1 - 10 years showed highest frequency (23.63%) in tIgE concentrations and the mean tIgE level exhibited a declining tendency with an increase in age. Depending on gender there was no difference in tIgE levels. Determination of tIgE level is imperative for screening allergic diseases. The present study enlightened the distribution of tIgE levels and suggested that among Bangladeshi subjects irrespective of gender there is an inverse relationship between tIgE level and age.
Highlights
Total IgE levels show wide variations depending on various factors, such as age, sex, ethnicity, and geographic area
This study aims to quantitatively determine the serum Total IgE (tIgE) levels in Bangladeshi population who were clinically suspected cases of allergic diseases and to find out the association of tIgE level with their age and gender
Another study from Bangladesh reported that serum total IgE levels in adult patients with persistent allergic asthma were high with levels of >150 IU/mL and a higher percentage of patients with total IgE > 400 IU/mL was observed in patients with severe asthma [7]
Summary
IgE is the most significant component in the highly complex cellular and molecular events of immune response mediated by Th2 cells. IgE mediated allergic diseases have become public health concern as several organ systems of the body resulting in anaphylactic rhinoconjunctivitis, asthma, allergic gastroenteritis, allergic dermatitis, urticaria and even allergic shock [2]. Racial and ethnic disparities have been reported in tIgE levels among different population around the globe such as in European, American, and some Asian populations. TIgE levels differ depending on age and sex within the same racial and ethnic origin [5] [6] [7]. TIgE levels which have been reported in previous studies in other countries may not be applicable to the Bangladeshi population in predicting whether an individual is having allergic disease or not
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