Age-related anatomical features of the femur of the sable of the Black Pushkin breed in conditions of limited mobility

Abstract

Knowledge of the structural features of the pelvic limb skeleton is necessary for a veterinary specialist performing surgical interventions on this area of the body. It is the structure of the pelvic limbs that gives the relative springiness to the body of the sable with a jumpy run and the speed of movements and reactions to surrounding actions. In connection with the above, the relevance of this study is beyond doubt. The study was conducted at the Department of Animal Anatomy of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The objects for this study were the corpses of the black Pushkin sable breed of two age groups: 15-20 months from birth (physiological maturity) and 36-40 months from birth (puberty). To achieve this task, a complex of traditional anatomical research methods was used: fine anatomical dissection, maceration, photographing and morphometry. The age-related anatomical features of the skeleton and morphometric data of the femur of the sable of the Black Pushkin breed in conditions of limited mobility were established. Sables, living in natural conditions, receive significant physical exertion on the pelvic limb. This explains the decrease in the diameter of the femoral neck in animals with limited dynamics with age. Keeping these animals in the conditions of fur farms significantly reduces the level of locomotion, which certainly affects the development of bones and their structures. The patella block as an adaptive structure receives significant additional lateroal and proximal development, manifested in the form of ridges extending beyond the compact substance of the knee block. This structure of the block contributes to the maximum extension of the knee joint with the contraction of the quadriceps femoral muscle.