Abstract
Recently discovered hominoids from a locality near Lufeng, China, are crucial to the understanding of the biogeographical distribution and the pattern of evolution of all later Miocene hominoids. However, the significance of these finds is difficult to assess fully without knowing their age accurately. The Lufeng fauna is diverse and includes several species of the rodent family Rhizomyidae. Rhizomyid evolution is well documented in the Siwalik deposits of Pakistan and provides the most precise method available at present for dating the Lufeng fauna. Based on co-occurrence of Brachyrhizomys nagrii, Brachyrhizomys tetracharax and cf. Brachyrhizomys pilgrimi, we conclude that hominoids inhabited southern China and Pakistan at about the same time, 8 Myr ago.
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