Abstract

BackgroundThe aims of this study were to create a method for estimation of dental age in Saudi children and adolescents based on the Willems model developed using the Belgian Caucasian (BC) reference data and to compare the ability of the two models to predict age in Saudi children.MethodsDevelopment of the seven lower left permanent mandibular teeth was staged in 1146 panoramic radiographs from healthy Saudi children (605 male, 541 female) without missing permanent teeth and without all permanent teeth fully developed (except third molars). The data were used to validate the Willems BC model and to construct a Saudi Arabian-specific (Willems SA) model. The mean error, mean absolute error, and root mean square error obtained from both validations were compared to quantify the variance in errors in the sample.ResultsThe overall mean error for the Willems SA method was 0.023 years (standard deviation, ± 0.55), indicating no systematic underestimation or overestimation of age. For girls, the error using the Willems SA method was significantly lower but still negligible at 0.06 years. A small but statistically significant difference in total mean absolute error (11 days) was found between the Willems BC and Willems SA models when the data were compared independent of sex. The overall mean absolute error for girls was slightly lower for the Willems BC method than for the Willems SA method (1.33 years vs. 1.37 years).ConclusionsThe difference in ability to predict dental age between the Willems BC and Willems SA methods is very small, indicating that the data from the BC population can be used as a reference in the Saudi population.

Highlights

  • The aims of this study were to create a method for estimation of dental age in Saudi children and adolescents based on the Willems model developed using the Belgian Caucasian (BC) reference data and to compare the ability of the two models to predict age in Saudi children

  • There was no significant difference in the calibration slope between the two approaches

  • There was no bias in boys, there was a small but negligible difference between predicted age and chronological age in girls, the predicted age being on average 0.06 years (SD 1.80) higher and − 0.01 years (SD 1.76) in boys (Table 3)

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Summary

Introduction

The aims of this study were to create a method for estimation of dental age in Saudi children and adolescents based on the Willems model developed using the Belgian Caucasian (BC) reference data and to compare the ability of the two models to predict age in Saudi children. Dental age estimation has the least error in Radiologically registered dental growth in children can be classified using the staging technique devised in 1973 by Demirjian et al [5]. This method remains the one most commonly used for age estimation. Using a sample of French Canadian children, Demirjian et al created a set of growth curves and tables, the validity of which has been confirmed in different populations [6, 7]

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