Age differences in problem solving strategies: The mediating role of future time perspective

Abstract

This paper reports results of two studies examining age differences in problem-solving strategies in hypothetical interpersonal scenarios, with perception of future time as a mediator. Three types of problem-solving strategies were examined, namely problem-focused strategies (e.g., active planning), proactive emotion-regulation (e.g., emotional support), and passive emotion-regulation (e.g., avoidance). Each sample consisted of younger (aged 17–24years) and older Hong Kong Chinese adults (aged 61–94years). Results showed that older adults tended to use more passive emotion-regulation and less problem-focused strategies and proactive emotion-regulation. Age differences in problem-focused strategies were mediated by perceived future time. These findings advanced the literature by showing that age differences in problem-solving strategies might be partially explained by future time perspective.