Abstract
Age and length-weight structure of sockeye salmon spawners are considered for the feeding-spawning lakes of southeastern Kamchatka, as Dalneye (1976-2013), Blizhneye (1939-2013), and Listvenichnoye (1999-2013), and for Lake Sarannoye on Bering Island (1990-2013). By these data, the age of sockeye salmon maturing is: 2.2, 2.3 and 3.2 in Lake Dalneye, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 and 2.2 in Lake Blizheye, 2.2, 2.3 and 3.3 in Lake Listvenichnoye, and 2.2, 2.3, 3.2 and 3.3 in Lake Sarannoye. These age groups dominate in the samples of spawning sockeye with the portion 70-90 %. Long-term dynamics of length and weight of sockeye spawners is distinguished by negative trends significant for the longest time-series in Lake Blizhneye and insignificant for the shorter one in Lakes Dalneye; the length of observations in Lakes Listvenichnoye and Sarannoye is not enough to reveal trends. Besides, cyclic variations with the period 5-10 years could be revealed for the long tome-series. As a rule, each cycle includes the phases of gradual decreasing and sharp increasing of length and weight. Year-to-year dynamics of the length-weight structure in the common period of observations is similar for all investigated lakes.
Highlights
Рассмотрена возрастная и размерно-массовая структура производителей нерки некоторых нагульно-нерестовых озер юго-востока Камчатки: Дальнего (1976–2013 гг.), Ближнего (1939–2013 гг.) и Лиственничного (1999–2013 гг.)
Age and length-weight structure of sockeye salmon spawners are considered for the feeding-spawning lakes of southeastern Kamchatka, as Dalneye (1976–2013), Blizhneye (1939–2013), and Listvenichnoye (1999–2013), and for Lake Sarannoye on Bering Island (1990–2013)
The age of sockeye salmon maturing is: 2.2, 2.3 and 3.2 in Lake Dalneye, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1 and 2.2 in Lake Blizheye, 2.2, 2.3 and 3.3 in Lake Listvenichnoye, and 2.2, 2.3, 3.2 and 3.3 in Lake Sarannoye. These age groups dominate in the samples of spawning sockeye with the portion 70–90 %
Summary
Более поздние исследования (Fukuwaka et al, 2007, 2009; Helle et al, 2007; Ruggerone et al, 2007, 2009; Бугаев, 2011; Темных и др., 2011; Карпенко и др., 2013; и др.) также свидетельствуют о том, что по мере увеличения численности некоторых видов тихоокеанских лососей (в начале 2000-х гг.) из различных регионов Северной Пацифики наблюдалось уменьшение их размерно-массовых показателей. Более поздние исследования размерно-массовых показателей производителей нерки крупнейших азиатских стад — рек Озерная и Камчатка — также подтвердили эту закономерность (Карпенко и др., 2013). К сожалению, в сводной работе по питанию и росту тихоокеанских лососей в море (Карпенко и др., 2013) не было представлено соответствующих ссылок на результаты предыдущих обширных исследований (Бугаев, 2011), проводимых по изучению размерно-массовой структуры азиатской нерки.
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