Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC), which is also referred to colorectal adenocarcinoma, occurs when the growth of cells goes out of control in the colon or rectum. A number of histological colorectal carcinoma are listed, such as mucinous, signet ring cell, and moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. The present study included fifty tissue blocks (16 females and 34 males) of patient groups with CRC and thirty five tissue blocks of colon tissue (ulcerative colitis) which were used as control group. The mean age of patients group was 51.44±16.67 years. The majority of patients with colonic carcinoma were above the age of 40, accounting for 80%, while 20% of cases were below the age of 40 years. A recto-sigmoid location is the most common site for colonic tumors accounting for 60%. Grade of tumor was well differentiated in 56%, and the following features were observed: The tissue appears with multi-layering, back to back arrangement (little intervening stroma), loss of polarity, loss of goblet cells, and invasion of stroma and presence of nuclear criteria of malignancy: hyperchromatism, high N/C ratio visible nucleoli and abnormal mitosis. The present results also showed that in grade I lesion, most of tumor retains glandular pattern, moderately differentiated in 28%, and tumor is nearly equally composed of glandular and solid patterns. However the poorly differentiated was 16% with same cellular criteria of malignancy but almost all the tumor was composed of solid areas. The present findings divided the stage of tumor patients into: 22% stage I; 66% stage II, and 12% stage III.
Highlights
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd most common cancer in females and the 3rd most common cancer in males (Ferlay et al, 2013)
Colorectal tumours appear with a wide variety of abnormal tissue growths ranging from benign tumours to infiltrating cancer, and are primarily tumours that developed from epithelial cells
Table (6) shows a significant association between stage of disease and gender of patients (P < 0.05), in such a way that female patients are more liable to advanced stage disease than male patients
Summary
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the 2nd most common cancer in females and the 3rd most common cancer in males (Ferlay et al, 2013). This disease is the most common malignancy in men with 75 years of age and over. Genetic and environmental factors were found to be of some of the factors that make CRC a multifactorial disease. The peak incidence of CRC is at the age of 60 to 70 years and fewer than 20% of cases occur before age of 50, males being slightly more affected than females. Rates of CRC increase with environmental factors that may represent risk factors (Migliore et al, 2011). The use of some drugs and supplements, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory diseases (NSAIDs), estrogens, folic acid, and calcium might prevent the development of CRC (Terry et al, 2001; Church & Simmang, 2003)
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