Agarwood Alcohol Extract Ameliorates Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Ischemia by Inhibiting Oxidation and Apoptosis.

Canhong Wang,Zhangxin Yu,Jianhe Wei,Yangyang Liu,Peng Guo,Deqian Peng

doi:10.1155/2020/3640815

Abstract

Agarwood is a traditional medicine used for treating some diseases, including painful and ischemic diseases. This study was carried out to investigate the potential cardioprotective effect of the whole-tree agarwood-inducing technique-produced agarwood alcohol extract (WTAAE) on isoproterenol- (ISO-) induced myocardial ischemia (MI) in rats and explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. Compared to the MI group, WTAAE pretreatment significantly improved ST wave abnormal-elevation, mitigated myocardial histological damage; decreased creatinine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels; reduced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and lipid peroxide (LPO) production; and increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) activities. Moreover, agarwood alcohol extracts (AAEs) markedly enhanced the mRNA levels of Nrf2-ARE pathway, and Bcl-2 reduced the apoptotic Bax family mRNA expressions. In addition, the effect of WTAAE was greater than that of wild agarwood alcohol extract (WAAE) and burning-chisel-drilling agarwood alcohol extract (FBAAE). All of these data indicate that WTAAE exerted the protective effects of MI, and its mechanism was associated with upregulating Nrf2-ARE and suppressing Bcl-2 pathways.

Highlights

Agarwood, the genus Aquilaria and the family ymelaeaceae, is a valuable nontimber forest product [1]
After agarwood alcohol extracts (AAEs) treatment, the ST segment in ECG was significantly decreased and the abnormal Q wave of ECG in myocardial ischemia (MI) rats did not appear, which suggests that the whole-tree agarwood-inducing technique-produced agarwood alcohol extract (WTAAE) had improved the ECG effect in MI rats induced by ISO
The cardiac tissues in the MI group showed that most of the muscle fibers in the striated muscle tissue exhibited dissolution, degeneration, necrosis, and inflammatory cell infiltration and formed a large area of connective tissue overgrowth and bleeding (Figure 1(b) B). e above damage in the MI rats treated with AAEs obviously improved compared with those in the MI group (Figure 1(b) C–G). e effect of WTAAE was similar to wild agarwood alcohol extract (WAAE) and better than FBAAE under same dose

Summary

Introduction

The genus Aquilaria and the family ymelaeaceae, is a valuable nontimber forest product [1]. It is well known that agarwood is a precious traditional Chinese medicine for centuries to treat several diseases, including heart diseases such as angina pectoris [2,3,4]. The different parts of agarwood extracts were found to possess alleviating pain and antioxidant and other biological activities, which support its folkloric and clinical use for some diseases related to painful conditions, such as angina, trauma, gastric ulcer, enteritis, and coughs [5]. The extracts, essential oil, and main compounds from agarwood have exhibited a wide array of pharmacological properties such as laxative [6], antinociceptive [7], antineuroinflammatory [8], neuroprotective [9], antioxidant [10], anti-inflammatory [11], and antitumor activities [12].

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