Ag nanoparticles immobilized on guanidine modified-KIT-5 mesoporous nanostructure: Evaluation of its catalytic activity for synthesis of propargylamines and investigation of its antioxidant and anti-lung cancer effects

Abstract

The current study involves the novel synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) decorated biguanidine modified mesoporous silica KIT-5 following post-functionalization approach (KIT-5-bigua-Ag). The tiny Ag NPs were being stabilized over the in situ prepared biguanidine ligand. The high surface area material was characterized using advanced analytical methods like Fourier Transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, N2-adsorption–desorption isotherm, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray Diffraction study (XRD). The material was having large pore cage like structure with pore diameter of 8–10 nm. TEM study displayed the particles size of deposited Ag NPs were 10–15 nm. The KIT-5-bigua-Ag nanocomposite had a significantly high surface area of 318 m2/g (BET analysis). Towards the chemical applications of the material, we headed the three-component reaction of aldehydes, amines and alkynes (A3 coupling) with good to excellent yields (70–98%) of diverse Propargylamines. The catalyst was easily isolable and reused in 8 cycles without any leaching and considerable change in its reactivity. In addition, the KIT-5-bigua-Ag nanocomposite was engaged in biological assays like study of anti-oxidant properties by DPPH mediated free radical scavenging test using BHT as a reference molecule. Thereafter, on having a significant IC50 value in radical scavenging assay, we extended the bio-application of the desired nanocomposite in anticancer study of A549 cell of human lung in-vitro conditions. In the cytotoxicity and anti-human lung studies, the nanocomposite was treated to lung cancer A549 cell line following MTT assay. The cell viability of malignant lung cell line reduced dose-dependently in the presence of KIT-5-biguanidine-Ag nanocomposite. IC50 values of the nanocomposite were observed to be 915.22 μg/mL against A549 cell line. So, these results suggest that KIT-5-bigua-Ag as a novel chemotherapeutic nanocomposite have a suitable anticancer activity against lung cell lines.