Ag nanoparticles embedded in sodiophilic carbon host achieving high-power Na metal batteries

Abstract

Sodium (Na) metal with low electrode potential and high theoretical specific capacity has been spotlighted by the commercial market. The layered oxide cathode paired with Na metal anode can offer an energy density comparable to the current LiFePO4-graphite system. Nevertheless, the dendrite growth and poor processability of Na metal seriously hamper its practical application. This study demonstrates that Ag nanoparticles on N,P-doped carbon cloth (NPCC-Ag) provide sodiophilic sites for Na deposition, inducing the formation of a stable NaF-rich interface. The independent composite anodes fabricated by melt infusion strategy exhibit lower polarization and higher stability in the carbonate-based electrolyte. When coupled with NaCrO2 cathode, the composite anode demonstrates a higher specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency at high current density. This work provides a fresh horizon for the preparation of high-performance Na metal anodes, which is valuable for the development of high-power Na metal batteries.