Abstract
In the late 1960s and early 1970s, along with the emergence of issues-oriented approaches in the newer social studies came growing concerns over academic freedom. National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS) issued policy statements supporting preservation of academic freedom and began to play a more activist role by getting directly involved in several local disputes that emerged by mid-decade. A number of academic freedom cases of the period signaled a significant negative reaction to the new curricular approaches and likely had a chilling effect on attempts at reform. Textbook controversies recurred, often instigated by a single parent and stirred by conservative activists. A special issue of Social Education was devoted to academic freedom concerns in April 1975. Ironically, the special issue appeared just as the battle over MACOS reached its zenith. The MACOS conflict proved a major blow to the survival of the social studies reform movement.
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