Abstract
This paper examines the issue of employee discrimination after a political crisis: the annexation of Crimea. The annexation, which resulted in a political crisis in Russian-Ukrainian relations, is a setting which allows us to test if a bilateral political issue caused employee discrimination. We use a quasi-experimental approach to examine how the political crisis influenced participation in major sports leagues in Russia and Ukraine. The results show that the employment conditions significantly worsened since the Crimea crisis started.
Highlights
In March 2014 the Russian government annexed the Crimean peninsula, a move widely criticized by several western governments (e.g., US, France, UK, and Germany) and the country that lost part of its territory; Ukraine
The results show that the employment situation for Russian employees in Ukraine worsened after the crisis
In contrast to the results from soccer, we find that Ukrainian hockey players in Russia do not play significantly less after the Crimea crisis (Models 1 and 3), whereas Russian players play less in Ukraine (Model 2 and 4)
Summary
In March 2014 the Russian government annexed the Crimean peninsula, a move widely criticized by several western governments (e.g., US, France, UK, and Germany) and the country that lost part of its territory; Ukraine. The aim of this paper is to analyze whether the annexation of the Crimea had a significant impact on the employment situation for Ukrainian and Russian employees living in the country of the other. We analyze if the playing time (i.e., participation) of Ukrainian players in Russia (and vice versa) significantly changed. In many other industries the local branch of a company does not have the sole responsibility to hire or dismiss international employees This is the case for many expatriates but not necessarily for sports players. The results show that the employment situation for Russian employees in Ukraine worsened after the crisis In both observed industries (soccer and hockey) the participation of Russian employees working in the Ukraine significantly decreased.
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