Abstract

The black Cuban poet Nicolás Guillén made his name as a writer with his black poetry of the 1930s during the height of afrocubanismo, a 1930s movement of revalorisation of Afro-Cuban culture. There has been a tendency in criticism to describe Guillén as the 'authentic poet of the Afro-Cuban' or as being able to provide a representation of the Cuban black 'from within'. These criticisms create the erroneous impression that Guillén's poetry was the only or the most significant Afro-Cuban literary expression at the time. This article proposes viewing Guillén's afrocubanista poetry within a broader corpus of Afro-Cuban literatures that includes oral and written literatures produced within Afro-Cuban traditions. These alternative Afro-Cuban literatures have been excluded from the dominant definitions of the Cuban literary canon, which tend to include only the written literatures of the dominant social sectors.El poeta cubano negro Nicolás Guillén se hizo famoso como escritor a través de su poesía negra de la década de los 30, cuando estaba de moda el afrocubanismo, un movimiento de revalorización de la cultura afrocubana. Varios críticos literarios han descrito a Guillén como a 'el auténtico poeta de lo afrocubano' o han afirmado que Guillén fue capaz de representar al negro cubano 'desde dentro'. Estos comentarios crean la impresión errónea de que la poesía de Guillén era la única expresión literaria afrocubana, o la más significativa. Este artículo ubica la poesía de Guillén dentro de un corpus literario afrocubano mucho más amplio que incluye literaturas orales y escritas producidas dentro de la propia cultura afrocubana. Estas literaturas afrocubanas alternativas han sido excluidas de las definiciones dominantes del canon de la literatura cubana, las cuales tienden a incluir solamente la literatura escrita de los sectores hegemónicos.

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