Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) was introduced to Poland in 2014. Despite the implementation of preventive actions focused on the reduction of wild boar populations and the introduction of biosecurity rules in domestic pig farms, the disease has been continuously spreading to new areas. The aim of this paper was to analyze the dynamics of ASFV spread in wild boar populations in Poland and to summarize the 2019 epidemiological situation. Using a logistic regression model, it has been shown that there is a significant correlation between the month, ASF affected area and ASF prevalence among wild boars. According to EU definitions, Part II and Part III zones had a total of 3065 (65.2%) ASF-positive death wild boars. In addition, there were 36 post-accident (road-killed) wild boars (2.6%) and 612 hunted animals (1.5%) in this area. These results showed the importance of passive surveillance and its advantages overactive surveillance in ASF control and prevention. The data indicated a greater chance of a positive result in the winter months (January, February, March) than in reference September, where the ASF prevalence was the lowest. This observation confirms the preliminary theory about the seasonality of the disease in wild boar populations and its connection with winter.
Highlights
Found dead wild boars were the animals which carcasses were found in the environment after the natural death, caused mainly by the
Which carcasses were found in the environment after the natural death, caused mainly by Monthly distribution positive for each group of wild by boars is presented in the African swine fever (ASF)
African swine fever virus (ASFV) has been present in the country for almost seven years, and currently ASF zones cover half of the territory of Poland [17,18]
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. African swine fever (ASF) is an infectious and fatal swine disease affecting wild boar, domestic pigs, and other free-ranging representatives of the Suidae family found throughout numerous regions of Africa. ASF is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). ASFV infection kills almost 100% of infected animals within. 4–9 days of exposure to the virus [1]. With this high mortality rate, the appearance of ASF on pig farms around the world had devastating impacts on the global pork trade and caused great economic losses [2]
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