Abstract
For decades the 55 nations of Africa have lagged in the highly competitive race for world market share. Taken together their economies made up just 4.3% of global trade in 1970, a share that sank to 2.4% by 2018. The Netherlands, with a population about the size of Zambia’s, accounts today for about 3.5% of global trade, more than all the countries in Africa combined.
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