Abstract
In this study, the genetic relatedness of 12 cultivars of fig from different populations in Kurdistan region- Iraq were analyzed using eleven AFLP primers pairs combinations by using the technology of molecular analysis the DNA. Genetic similarity matrices were produced for the AFLP data to calculate genetic distances among their cultivars. Genetic similarity coefficient ranged from 0.1261 to 0.3905. The lowest genetic similarity was observed between Kola and Gala Zard (0.1261). The Hejeera Rash and Shela cultivars were most similar ones with a coefficient of 0.3905. Clustering based on AFLP data for the 12 fig cultivars was identified at the 0.32 similarity level. In the developed dendogram two main groups were found, the first one combined Ketek and Shela together, while the second group contained two sub group Shingaly and Benatty combined together, while in the other sub group cluster three other sub-group were identified. The results of this study may help in the formulation of appropriate strategies for conservation and cultivar improvement in figs, for which limited knowledge of the genetic diversity is available.
Highlights
The fig Ficus carica L. (2n= 2x =26 chromosome) [7]
Fig plants are all woody in the family, from trees and shrubs to climbers [22]
The name carica is named after the Caria place in Asia Minor, home of the fig. [11, 22] F. carica is presumed to originate from Western Asia and spread to the Mediterranean by humans [9]
Summary
The fig Ficus carica L. (2n= 2x =26 chromosome) [7]. Fig belongs to Family: Moraceae [32], in literature it has several common names such as common fig, edible fig [22]. The objectives of the present study were the application of AFLP markers to reveal DNA polymorphism among populations and between individuals and to determination of genetic relationships between the populations or cultivars of fig in Kurdistan region of Iraq. Pre program varied in the first cycle where it was selective PCR amplification was performed in 65oC and in each subsequent cycle for the a reaction volume of 20 μl containing 50ng of 12 cycles it was reduced by 0.7oC (touchdown each of the primers (P00, M00) corresponding PCR). DNA, 1U Taq DNA polymerase, 1x PCR loaded onto 6% polyacrylamid gels, and DNA buffer and 5mM dNTPs. PCR amplification fragments were visualized by silver staining was performed in WMG thermal cycler using kit (Promega, Madison, Wis) as described by the following program: 30 cycles of 30s at 94 the supplier. Pre- scanned to capture digital images of the gels amplification products were diluted to 1:5 after air drying
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