Abstract
The affective profiles model distinguishes between individuals who are self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect), high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect), low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect), and self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect). The literature shows that the affective profiles model has been used with Swedish people in particular in order to determine differences among profiles in relation to life satisfaction, psychological well-being, self-esteem, and optimism. The present research investigated these differences in Italian high school students. Two studies were conducted: the first with 156 Italian high school students and the second with 148 Italian high school students. The first study analyzed differences among affective profiles with regard to life satisfaction and psychological well-being while the second study analyzed differences among affective profiles with regard to self-esteem and optimism. In the first study, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), the Satisfaction with Life Scale, and the Meaningful Life Measure were administered to the participants. In the second study, the PANAS, the Self-Esteem Scale, the Life Orientation Test-revised were administered to the participants. The results of the first study showed that, with respect to the other profiles, the self-fulfilling participants had greater life satisfaction and psychological well-being. The results of the second study showed that, with respect to the other profiles, the self-fulfilling participants had higher self-esteem and optimism. These results revealed differences among affective profiles regarding life satisfaction, psychological well-being, self-esteem, and optimism in the Italian context as well thereby offering new possibilities for cross-cultural research and for enhancing self-fulfilling profiles.
Highlights
Watson et al (1988) traditional model holds that all emotional experiences can be explained by two affective dimensions: positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA)
The multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) results highlighted the significant effect of the affective profiles on life satisfaction and psychological well-being in terms of life meaning: F(3,152) = 8.58, p < 0.001, Wilks’ Lambda = 0.73, η2 = 0.15
The literature highlights the need to continue studying affective profiles in different international contexts to see if the affective profiles model produces similar results in different populations (Garcia and Moradi, 2013; Garcia et al, 2015)
Summary
Watson et al (1988) traditional model holds that all emotional experiences can be explained by two affective dimensions: positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA). These two dimensions are independent, and, an increase in PA does not necessarily correspond with a decrease in NA (Watson and Tellegen, 1985; Tellegen et al, 1999). The assessment of affectivity as a continuum does not always enable the accurate detection of the different positive and negative aspects of emotional experience (Schimmack and Diener, 1997).
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